If you’re looking for a serene outdoor experience, visiting the Custer Gallatin National Forest in Southern Montana is one of the best ways to do so. With vast expanses of land and plenty of opportunities for adventure, it’s no wonder that this area has been drawing visitors for centuries. Here’s what you need to know about exploring the area, along with my picks for best hikes in Custer Gallatin National Forest.

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History of the Forests

Custer Gallatin National Forest is a U.S. national forest located in Montana, formed through the consolidation of two separate forests: Custer National Forest and Gallatin National Forest. Custer National Forest was established in 1902 and named after General George Armstrong Custer. It originally consisted of several smaller forest reserves and expanded over time through land acquisitions. The forest was primarily managed for timber production, grazing, and wildlife habitat. Gallatin National Forest was established in 1899 and named after Albert Gallatin, a former Secretary of the Treasury. It was initially created to protect watersheds and preserve forest resources. Like Custer National Forest, Gallatin National Forest expanded through the addition of various forest reserves.

Two Forests Combined

In 1972, the two forests were combined to form Custer Gallatin National Forest as part of a broader effort to consolidate and streamline the management of national forests. Today, the forest covers a vast area spanning multiple counties in Montana, encompassing diverse landscapes, including mountains, forests, grasslands, and wilderness areas.

Custer Gallatin National Forest is managed by the U.S. Forest Service and offers a wide range of recreational activities such as hiking, camping, fishing, hunting, and wildlife viewing. It is also home to iconic landmarks like the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness, the Beartooth Highway, and the famous Yellowstone National Park, which shares a boundary with the forest.

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit Custer Gallatin National Forest depends on your specific interests and activities. Here is a breakdown of the seasons and what they offer:

Summer (June to August)

This is the most popular time to visit the forest. The weather is generally pleasant, with warm temperatures and longer days. It’s an excellent time for hiking, camping, fishing, and wildlife viewing. Many roads and trails are accessible during this season, allowing for a wide range of outdoor adventures.

Fall (September to October)

Fall is a beautiful time to visit Custer Gallatin National Forest. The forests and mountains are adorned with vibrant autumn colors, creating stunning scenery. The temperatures are cooler, and the crowds tend to diminish compared to summer. It’s a great time for hiking, photography, and enjoying the peaceful ambiance of the changing season.

Winter (December to February)

Custer Gallatin National Forest offers opportunities for winter activities such as skiing, snowshoeing, and snowmobiling. The forest receives significant snowfall, especially in the higher elevations, making it ideal for winter sports enthusiasts. However, note that some roads and facilities may be closed during this time, and weather conditions can be harsh.

Spring (April to May)

Spring brings the forest to life with blooming wildflowers and awakening wildlife. It’s a quieter time to visit before the peak summer season, and you can enjoy the tranquility of the forest. However, be aware that spring can be unpredictable, with varying weather conditions, including rain and potential snow at higher elevations.

It’s essential to check weather forecasts, road conditions, and any specific activities or attractions you plan to explore before your visit. Each season offers unique experiences, so choose the time that aligns with your interests and preferences.

Where to Stay

There are several options for accommodations near Custer Gallatin National Forest, including campgrounds, cabins, lodges, and hotels. Here are some options in and near the national forest:

West Yellowstone

Located near the west entrance of Yellowstone National Park, this town offers a range of lodging options, including hotels, motels, lodges, and cabins. It provides convenient access to the western portion of Custer Gallatin National Forest.

Bozeman

Situated north of the forest, Bozeman is a larger city with various accommodation choices, including hotels, bed and breakfasts, vacation rentals, and campgrounds. It serves as a gateway to the Gallatin Range and the northern parts of the forest.

Red Lodge

Located near the Beartooth Mountains, Red Lodge offers lodging options such as hotels, motels, cabins, and vacation rentals. It provides access to the eastern side of the forest, including the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness.

Big Sky

Situated to the west of the forest, Big Sky offers a range of accommodations, including resorts, lodges, vacation rentals, and campgrounds. It provides access to the Spanish Peaks and other areas of the forest.

Camping

Custer Gallatin National Forest has numerous developed campgrounds and dispersed camping areas where you can pitch a tent or park an RV. Some popular campgrounds include Red Cliff Campground, Fairy Lake Campground, and Beartooth Lake Campground.

When planning your stay, consider the specific areas of the forest you wish to explore and the activities you want to engage in. It’s advisable to book accommodations in advance, especially during the peak summer season, to ensure availability.

What to Do

For hikers and backpackers alike, the Custer Gallatin National Forest offers plenty of exploration opportunities. There are more than 2,000 miles of trails throughout the forest with varying difficulty levels ranging from easy strolls to strenuous treks. Additionally, visitors can also explore some of the many rivers and streams within the forest or take advantage of the numerous camping sites available throughout its expanse. For those looking for a less physically active experience, there are plenty of scenic drives within the park that showcase the stunning beauty of this region at a leisurely pace.

Best Hikes in Custer Gallatin National Forest

Lava Lake Trail

Hiking to Lava Lake via the Cascade Creek Trail can be a rewarding experience. The trail is almost 8 miles long and is generally considered moderate to difficult in terms of trail conditions. It rises to an elevation of 8,450 feet, traversing rocky terrain with some inclines and seasonal stream crossings. The trailhead is located 4 miles northwest of Big Sky, Montana, just off the highway 191 North road. Along the way, hikers will find spectacular views of snow capped mountains and lush meadows filled with wildflowers. At its endpoint, they will be greeted by the beautiful Lava Lake that reflects a kaleidoscope of evergreen trees off its tranquil surface. The serene beauty of this lake and the surrounding landscape make it one of the best hikes in Custer Gallatin.

Storm Castle Peak Trail

If you’re looking for a trail that provides an unforgettable adventure, hiking the Storm Castle Peak Trail is it! This trail spans 8.5 miles with approximately 1,250 elevation gain, making it quite the challenge for hikers who are up for it. You’ll encounter steep inclines and rocky terrain as you make your way to the top of the trail but with trail markers to follow, you won’t get lost! Along the way, you’ll be treated to breathtaking views of Wyoming’s great outdoors. The trailhead is located at Spring Creek trailhead near Manhattan Road. There’s trailhead parking available for both long-term backpackers and day hikers alike. Don’t miss out on this incredible experience – come hike Storm Castle Peak Trail today!

Pine Creek Falls

Hiking the Pine Creek Falls Trail in the Custer Gallatin National Forest is an activity that many adventurers seek out. At 4 miles long and with relatively moderate trail conditions, this trail is suitable for hikers of all skill levels. The trail takes you through three terrain types from its trailhead near Big Timber, Montana — including open meadows, deep forests, and rolling hills — as well as allowing for alpine views thanks to its steady elevation gain.

It was also qualified as a National Recreation trail due to its stunning landscape and abundant wildlife. The variety of environments and beautiful falls make this one of the best hikes in Custer Gallatin. Whether it’s the next opportunity for relaxation or a more rigorous trek through the land, the Pine Creek Falls Trail promises one of nature’s grandest experiences.

Sacagawea Peak Trail

Hikers in search of a good challenge should consider Sacagawea Peak trail in the Custer Gallatin National Forest. This trail is four and a half miles long, with various terrain and elevation changes along its length. The trailhead is located just north of Bozeman, Montana, making it quite accessible to those living nearby or passing through the area. As you ascend the trail you are rewarded with stunning views of Bridger mountain range and the sprawling valley below. The view from the ridge and the top of the mountain is stunning. This trail is popular among Bozeman locals since it’s pretty close to town, but it’s popular for a reason! The proximity to Bozeman and incredible views make Sacagawea Peak one of the best hikes in the Custer Gallatin Forest.

South Cottonwood Creek Trail

Hiking the South Cottonwood Creek Trail in the Custer Gallatin National Forest is an adventure for trail-lovers of all types. This trail is 8.3 miles long and although demanding, the trail is well maintained. The incline never exceeds 15%, and the elevation gain is steady, ranging from 4800 to 6340 feet. It follows Cottonwood Creek upstream to Ladyslipper Trailhead and provides some stunning stops along the way. Hikers will enjoy canyon views across bedrock ledges, serene streams with wildflowers alongside them, stands of lodgepole pine and Douglas fir, and bridges crossing rushing creeks. For trailheads, there is access points off of MT-64 which branches at Dillon Divide; visitors should keep an eye out for trail signposts along this path. Spring wildflowers along this trail make it one of the best hikes in Custer Gallatin. The Cottonwood Creek Trail offers a truly unique experience that celebrates the region’s best!

Wildlife Viewing and Safety Tips

The national forest is also home to an abundance of wildlife. You might encounter bighorn sheep, elk, deer, bear (black and grizzly), mountain goats, cougars, wolves and bald eagles among others. While this adds even more beauty to your experience in the park, it’s important to be mindful when interacting with wild animals by following these safety tips: avoid approaching wildlife; keep food out of reach; never feed wildlife; remain aware when near water sources; maintain a safe distance from wildlife; carry bear spray; and make noise while hiking so animals can hear you coming from a distance!

What to Wear

My clothing recommendations for hiking in the Custer Gallatin Forest varies depending on when in the season you’re going, and where on the island you are. If you opt for shorts, I like the Prana double peak shorts, but you might want to start with  a pair of warm leggings under them if it’s cold. For hiking pants, my go to are the double peak joggers. 

On top, for summer hiking I start with a tri-blend t shirt or tank, and then layer on an SPF pullover if it’s warmer outside, or a smartwool pullover if it’s cold or windy. And I usually carried my rain jacket. Finally, my go to hiking shoes are merrell siren sports. They’re comfortable, waterproof, and have Vibram soles which are super grippy, which you’ll appreciate for hiking in mud or slick rock out there!

Visiting the Custer Gallatin National Forest is an incredible way to explore some truly spectacular scenery with friends or family. Whether you choose to go on a hike or take a leisurely drive through this beautiful terrain you will have plenty of opportunities for adventure. You’ll also be able to enjoy the serene landscape no matter what your age or fitness level may be. So if you’re looking for something special during your next visit to Montana be sure to check out all that Custer Gallatin National Forest has to offer!

That’s my list! I hope this helped you plan and get excited for the best hikes in Custer Gallatin! What are your favorite hikes in this area?

As always, please practice Leave No Trace principles when enjoying the outdoors! Check local trail and weather conditions before any hike.

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